Bewick's Swan*     Cygnus bewickii
Yarrell  1830
n Eurasia: along Arctic coast (breeding); n Europe (winter); e China (winter); Korea (winter); Japan (winter)
split from: Cygnus columbianus
insert after: Cygnus columbianus
B.C. Livezey,
A phylogenetic analysis of geese and swans (Anseriformes: Anserinae), including selected fossil species
Systematic Biology 45, ? (1996): 415-450
 

Pale-bellied Brent Goose     Branta hrota
(Müller)  1776
Canada: arctic region from Perry River e; Greenland; Svalbard; Franz Josef Land; Atlantic coasts of e N America and w Europe (winter)
split from: Branta bernicla
insert after: Branta bernicla
G.F. Shields,
Analysis of mitochondrial DNA of Pacific Black Brant
The Auk 107, ? (1990): 620-623
 

Black Brant     Branta nigricans
(Lawrence)  1846
Russia: arctic coast of n Siberia from Lena River e; U.S.A.: Alaska; Canada: e to n Mackenzie; Korea (winter); n China (winter); U.S.A.: w coast (winter)
split from: Branta bernicla
insert after: Branta hrota
G.F. Shields,
Analysis of mitochondrial DNA of Pacific Black Brant
The Auk 107, ? (1990): 620-623
 

Brown Teal     Anas aucklandica
Gray,GR   1844
s New Zealand: formerly Auckland Island, now only on islets nearby
 

Flightless Teal     Anas chlorotis
Gray-GR   1845
New Zealand: formerly more widespread, now isolated areas of North Island and sw South Island
split from: Anas aucklandica
insert after: Anas aucklandica
Martyn Kennedy & Hamish G. Spencer,
Phylogeny, biogeography, and taxonomy of Australasian teals
The Auk 117, 1 (2000): 154-163
 

Campbell Island Teal     Anas nesiotis
(Fleming)   1935
s New Zealand: formerly on Campbell Island, now only on nearby Dent Island
split from: Anas aucklandica
insert after: Anas chlorotis
Martyn Kennedy & Hamish G. Spencer,
Phylogeny, biogeography, and taxonomy of Australasian teals
The Auk 117, 1 (2000): 154-163
 

Further evidence of specific status of Green-winged Teal is presented by Kevin P. Johnson & Michael D. Sorenson, Phylogeny and biogeography of dabbling ducks (genus Anas): A comparison of molecular and morphological evidence, The Auk 166, 4 (1999): 792-805.

Green-winged Teal*     Anas carolinensis
Gmelin  1789
N America; Hawaiian Islands (winter); Caribbean Islands (winter)
split from: Anas crecca
insert after: Anas crecca
B.C. Livezey,
A phylogenetic analysis and classification of recent dabbling ducks (Tribe Anatini) based on comparative morphology
The Auk 108, ? (1991): 471-507
 

Black Scoter     Melanitta americana
(Swainson)  1832
Russia: e Siberia; n North America
split from: Melanitta nigra
insert after: Melanitta nigra
B.C. Livezey,
Phylogeny and evolutionary ecology of modern seaducks (Anatidae: Mergini)
The Condor 97, ? (1995): 233-255
 

White-winged Scoter     Melanitta deglandi
(Bonaparte)  1850
Russia: e Siberia; n Mongolia; Korea; nw North America
split from: Melanitta fusca
insert after: Melanitta fusca
B.C. Livezey,
Phylogeny and evolutionary ecology of modern seaducks (Anatidae: Mergini)
The Condor 97, ? (1995): 233-255